Biotechnology, Biodiversity, and Sustainable Agriculture: A Contradiction?

This paper describes (1) the status of the use of biotechnology for conservation and utilization of biodiversity and interaction among them, (2) the status of use of biotechnology for sustainable agriculture, (3) how real are the contradictions among biotechnology, biodiversity and sustainable agriculture , (4) issues and efforts in resolving the concerns and contradictions, and (5) the way ahead. The author cited that it is not the science of biotechnology which is a subject of controversy, but the mode and nature of its applications, through techniques and technologies which could stir controversies. Biotechnology contributes to sustainable agriculture by reducing dependence on agro-chemicals, particularly pesticides, through the deployment of genes conferring resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Discussing some concerns about risks posed by some aspects of biotechnology, the author stressed that the contradictions and risks surrounding the development and applications of biotechnology should be resolved scientifically and transparently for which individual countries should have the necessary research, technology assessment, impact monitoring, technology refinement, and adjustment capacities.